Nuclear terrorism

The or so recent menace of thermonuclear blow assay on the united States has come from unification Korea, as such(prenominal) the by-line essay will delve into north nearly Koreas investment in atomic terrorist act and the plan of action the fall in States has against such action. thither are several links that associate atomic number 7 Korea to different factions of terrorism. The by-line paper will give detailed examples of northwestern Koreas fundamental interaction and support of each host. The support of terrorism has many forms such as heavy weapons or currency and northeasterly Koreas handing over of financial specie and weapons will alike be document in this essay. The resources necessary for terrorism to constitute has a partner in government and rafts union Korea is fair such a partner.The following paper will non totally address the fact of terrorism affiliation between conglutination Korea and reputed terrorist groups and countries further b esides that northwestern Korea has their suffer terrorist group. This fact can be found in jointure Koreas treatment toward South Korea and reported black lotion attempts of their presidents on several occasions. The terrorist affiliation northeastward Korea harbors is one that involves non nevertheless promoting terrorism finished trade with nonable terrorist groups but in addition their own participation in Afghanistan terrorist camps and the duty of weapons technologies with such groups (Graham 20-21). conjugation Korea is a boorish with a special(prenominal) dichotomy between public relations. These relations bunch mainly with money. The reason conjugation Korea is reported to be trading with terrorists is that their supporting aids in the economic growth of their country. The support that compass north Korea gives to terrorist is rewarded with monetary funds from such countries as Japan, Iran, and Iraq. This paper will organize specific examples of each countr y and its trading policy with marriage Korea (what items it trades for what harm etc.). The essay will alike focus on how labor union Korea opens up trade routes under wraps(predicate)ly u hellholeg bribes and coercion.The family 2000 saw the Democratic tribes Republic of Korea (DPRK) and the join States government went by a serial of terrorism talks and the future state of terrorism as substantially as cooperation of join Koreas government in several documented terrorism actions. much(prenominal) actions include the 1970 hijacking of a Nipponese woodworking plane bound for North Korea and the subsequent sheltering of the Japanese Communist League-Red Army religious sect members or hijackers, or the safe harbor North Korea provided to the terrorist who were gnarled in the hijack. Also, DPRK has been suspected of selling weapons to the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, as specified by the Philippine government.The monetary transaction was made possible through set Ea st connections (terrorism Files, 2002). North Korea has been on the US terrorism list sin 1988 and continues to remain on that list because of its uncooperative procedures for information on terrorist later the September 11 attacks, as Secretary of State lav Bolton stated, North Korea has a dedicated, national-level effort to achieve a biologic weapons capacity and has developed and produced, and whitethorn have a bun in the oven weaponized, biological weapons agents.Despite the fact that its citizens are starving, utter Mr. Bolton, the leadership in Pyongyang has spent bighearted sums of money to start out the resources, including a bioengineering infrastructure, capable of producing infectious agents, toxins, and other crude biological weapons. It has a variety of means at its disposal for delivering these deadly weapons. (North Korea and Terrorism 2002).Another terrorism threat that North Korea poses and has been cerebrate with is nuclear terror. In this respect accordin g to Pakistan and US sources (as wellspring as Libyan) this is the current threat of North Korea they have been supposedly training Arab terrorists for at minimum go years at the Kim Jung-il Political and Military University. North Korea is also linked with Osama bin Laden in mail dealing, as Triplett (2004) states in North Korea and Nuclear Terror, of the existing relationship between North Korea and bin Laden, This was notice in 2000 when bin Laden financed a shipment of North Korean conventional arms to a Philippine Islamic terrorist group.North Korean nuclear weapons were also being used as tests by Pakistan (in 1998). Scientists at the Los Alamos National Laboratory suspect that these tests were a conglomeration between Pakistan and North Korea in nuclear testing. Such joint ventures are not new for North Korea and their connection with terrorism. Nuclear weapons are just the transport of terror that North Korea has presented to the beingness.North Korea, since their co ver-up in 1970 of the safe haven they provided to the airplane hijackers, have been affiliated with several terrorist groups as Triplett further states, late a Japanese newspaper, citing armed services sources, reported Iranian military figures were seen at North Korea nuclear facilities. This leads allied intelligence to suspect the Iranians of trying to live their nuclear weapons program to North Korea, beyond the range of Israeli F-16 fighter-bombers.The Pakistan, and North Korean conglomeration of trading weapons is a definite terrorism group. The weapon testing near the Afghan border in 1998 was reported to have been the testing of Korean made rockets. Another link between Pakistan and North Korea can be found with Major General (retired) Saltan Habib, who was responsible for covert acquisitions of nuclear technologies while presiding as the defense attach of Pakistan in Moscow, was post as the ambassador to North Korea to oversee the clandestine nuclear and rocket cooperat ion between North Korea and Pakistan (Raman 2002).As the ambassador, Habib organized the covert shipment of missiles from North Korea to Pakistan. not unaccompanied did Habib coordinate this shipment but he also was reported to have exchanged applied science from North Korea to Pakistan on weapons technologies especially those dealing with missiles and nuclear devices as Raman states, the training of Pakistani experts in the missile production and testing facilities of North Korea and the training of North Korean scientists in the nuclear establishments of Pakistan through Captain (retired) Shafquat Cheema, third secretary and acting head of mission in the Pakistani embassy in North Korea from 1992 to 1996.Pakistans Inter-Services newsworthiness (ISI) is one in which North Korea has strong ties. Prior to Habibs spot with North Korea it was filled by Major General Shujjat from the Baluch Regiment. General Shujjat was not only(prenominal) working for the embitterment of North Kor ea but clandestine actions he performed were favoring ISI for five consecutive years as Raman states, On Captain Cheemas return to supply in 1996, the ISI discovered that in addition to acting as the closeness officer of the ISI with the nuclear and missile establishments in North Korea, he was also earning money from the Iranian and the Iraqi intelligence by helping them in their clandestine nuclear and missile technology and material procurement not only from North Korea, but also from Russia and the CARs.The limits of North Koreas sake in terror seem boundless. Not only have they delivered ballistic missiles to Pakistan but also they are using very covert methods by which to trade. The beginning of 2002 was witness to megabucks movements of nuclear weapons across the Karakoram Highway. These weapons were being transported from china to Pakistan with the envoy containing spare parts and other assortments. The transportation of this shipment nevertheless has ties with North Korea because China may have accepted this movement from Pakistan only in regards to North Koreas wishes (Raman).North Korea, Iran, and Iraq are infamously cognise as the Axis of Evil, because of their terrorist ties and promotion of misbranded arms dealing. North Korea has managed to become well versed in terrorism through biological, chemical, and nuclear means. In 1988 North Korea or DPRK as well as Kim Jong-il were suspected (and this probability is more or less certain) of committing to slay South Korean president Chun in Rangoon (or Yangun as it is known today).The assassination was to take place by strategically placing bombs atop the martyrs Masoleum (in dedication to Aung San the founder of independent Burma). Although president Chun was delayed in traffic and did not succumb to the bombings, The huge blast ripped through the cluster below, killing 21 people and wounding 46. Among the dead were the Korean inappropriate minister, Lee Bum Suk, the economic planning min ister and deputy pinnacle minister, Suh Suk Joo, and the Minister for Commerce and Industry, Kim Dong Whie. The rest of those killed were presidential advisers, journalists, and security officials, most of them South Korean (Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia).In finding evidence to support North Korea has having terrorist ties, it is presumably troublesome. The suspects who were responsible for the Rangoon bombings committed suicide by detonating hand grenades. Such suspects are common in assisination attempts and thus true evidence is difficult to come by in linking North Korea directly with terrorism in some founts. However, the 1970 safehaven as well as arms dealing that Philippine officials attest to are some of the supporting materials that accumalte against North Korea (Graham 80-85).In office of specific evidence to support terrorism affilitations from North Korea president Kim Jong-il admitted to the linked States in 2000 that DPRK had willfully exported missiles abroad. Th ese missiles are traded to Syria and Iran in exchange for monetary recompense. darn Syria was reportedly a main buyer of missiles, Iran was give tongue to to be a primary buyer of not only ballistic missiles but technology as well (Wagner 2000). The specific terrorism that exists in North Korea trading missiles to such countries exists in those countries intent for such exported goods. In order for North Korea to stop connectedness and trading of missiles, as Wagner states of the conference between the United States and North Korea held in July-August of 2000,Einhorn characterized the talks as very useful and verbalise that he hopes to meet again with the North Koreans in the near future. However, on July 12, Jang clarified that North Korea would only continue the talks if the United States remunerative Pyongyang for the political and economic losses to be incurred in case we suspend our missile program.During the meeting, the United States had once again rejected North Koreas l ong-standing demand for $1 billion per year in return for the purpose of missile exports. North Korea should not be receiving cash compensation for halt what it shouldnt be doing in the first place, Einhorn said.This compensation is coercion and is a slip of terrorism in and of itself. North Korea should not be devoted compensation pay for ending its affilitation with terrorism simply because their economy would suffer around from the lose of funds selling missiles etc. had given the DPRK.North Korea has remained in close contact with different terrorist groups. The Japanese Red Army who were given safehaven in 1970 after the plane hijacking are coherts of Middle east terrorists and in this connection lies the bridge by which North Korea exports weapons (Fulford 2001). As said prior Pakistan has a standing trade relationship with North Korea as missile buyers.The funding for such North Korean weapons growing as Fulford states, However, cutting off one of ruler Kim Jong Ils ma in sources of financeillegal activities in Japanmight prove easier. North Koreas government has been manufacturing large quantities of heroin, amphetamines, weapons and counterfeit U.S. dollars to finance its weapons development programs. It sells them either through criminal gangs in Japan or via Russia and China to the U.S. and Europe, the Korea experts say. Pakistan is also a main hotshot of the Afghanistan Taliban regime and terror weapons that are used by Taliban are afterward provided by North Korea (Fulford).Other avenues by which North Korea finds funding for weapons is through Japans Liberal Democratic Party. The Party solicits succor toward North Korea in exchange for bribes as Fulford further states, when Japan gave 500,000 tons of sift aid to North Korea last year, politicians received kick natess from North Korea, Lee says. I was with a North Korean official as he phoned a Japanese member of parliament and told him a shipment of free angle had been sent to a company he owns, he says.This bribe arranging works by committing North Korean businessmen, who reside in Japan, to a loan. This loan, or lend, is given by a bank and is paid back directly to North Korea and Japan. Thus, the money cannot easily be traced. Public money is being used to generate a working arms dealing relationship between North Korea and Japan.Public money is not the only money being used in corrupt manners The Japanese government aided North Koreas atomic weapon development through its fuji bank. Fuji bank is one of the largest banks in the gentlemans gentleman and its involvement in the deal between North Korea and Japan was a catalyst in North Korean weapons building and trading. Essentially Fuji paid approximately $350 million to a myriad of North Korean businesses and organizations who were prospering in Japan. This money was given in exchange for debt entreaty services (Graham 61-63).The funding for weapons development in North Korea as it is funded by Japan and pu blic money is the key component of rising terrorism at a global scale. Due to North Koreas association with several aforementioned terrorists groups, global terror does exist. North Koreas trade of missiles to different terrorist organizations promotes multilateral trade in a negative spirt because what North Korea is truly promoting is terrorism through trade.There also exist unofficial reports of North Korea terrorist involvement. It has been established that North Korea has dealt ballistic missiles to countries It gained the raw materials for the turn of these missiles from such countries as China. These missiles are capable of delivering mass destruction in the form of biological as well as chemical warfare. In late 2001 Pyongyang continued a type of global packrat hunt for technologies dealing with the making of nuclear weapons.The procurement of the necessary plutonium for at least one nuclear weapon has set the domain on edge. As the Unclassified Congress Report (2001) s tates, Spent provoke rods canned in accordance with the 1994 Agreed Framework contain abundant plutonium for several more weapons. Along this train of potential arms dealings Pyongyang laid the path to trade with Russia by subscribe the Defense Industry Cooperation Agreement.Among the trading partners that North Korea has established ties with include Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, Angola, Burma, Cuba, Libya, and Syria. by means of trade with these countries North Korea is able to consistently manage its immense military operation (14% of its economic gross goes to the military despite calling in international aid to its starving people). The trading that continues between the aforementioned countries and North Korea involves arms, chemical and biological weapons materials, and even ballistic missile technologyin clear violation of the Missile Technology Control Regime. Libya, for example, recently bought 50 Rodong-1 missiles from North Korea with a range of 1,000 kilometers (Hwang, 2001 ).Among the trading countries that North Korea has ties and the materials thar are reportedly being traded, North Korea has also been invovled with overtly selling weapons to various terrorist groups such as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the United Wa State Army. The United Wa State Army is a drug affiliated Burma terrorist group residing in the golden triangle. The golden triangle is the area between Thailand, Laos, and Burma.Not only is North Korea coordinating trading efforts with these terrorist groups but North Korea also has been training in Afghanistan terrorist camps (Hwang). The Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, John E. McLaughlin stated of North Korean involvement of terrorism, North Koreas challenge to regional and global security is magnified by two factorsfirst, the Norths pursuit of weapons of mass destruction and long-range missiles, and two, its readinessand eagernessto become missile salesman to the world (Hwang).Not only is North Korea associated and in league with terrorist groups by harboring hijackers and act in terrorist camps but North Korea is a terrorist. In 1987 North Korean agents bombed a South Korean airplane. North Korea has continuously be involved with terrorist attacks on South Korea a reported 300 instances. North Korea has participated in covert assassination attempts of South Korean presidents and has traversed passed South Korean borders 15 separate times (Hwang).Not simply has North Korea been fully participatory in these incidences but as Hwang further states, In one of the most blatant, 26 North Korean commandos in a submarine arrive off the South Korean coast in September 1996 they, along with 17 South Koreans, were killed in the ensuing manhunt. Their mission is believed to have been to assassinate South Korean dignitaries. Therefore, North Korea guilty of fully participating in aiding terrorists through weapons and technologies and they are also delving into the leagues of terrorism by t heir chronic attack on South Korea (Graham 43-44).Along the lines of defining North Korea as having terrorist groups at heart its borders who are North Korean Hwang states that North Korea has kidnapped an unprecedented 3,600 Korean citizens since the year 1953. In this fact there exists relevant material to consider North Korea as having terrorist intentions and actions. Not only has North Korea abducted Koreans but reportedly also foreigners, of which ten Japanese foreigners are the most noted.In conclusion, North Korea is not only a country who supports terrorism through trade of weapons and technology but it is also a country which participates in terrorism through assassinations, and kidnappings. North Korea then exists as a country spurned by monetary gain and by lines of distinction between trading partners and the uses those countries may have for nuclear weapons.Although the above pages attest to the development of North Korea and its invovlement with terrorism it must als o be noted that the United States with the advocacy of the United Nations, has established an administration of foreign policy which will attribute to the goals of nuclear disarmament.Work CitedAllison, Graham. (2005). Nuclear Terrorism, The Ultimate Preventable Catastrophe. OwlBooks, New York.Editorial. North Korea and Terrorism. 2002. (Online). unattached http//www.ibb.gov/editorials/09924.htmFulford, Benjamin. North Korea, Another Outcropping of Terrorism. Forbes. September 2001.(Online). Available www2.gol.com/users/coynerhm/north_korea_another_outcropping_of_terrorism.htmHwang, Balbina. North Korea Deserves to Remain on US List of Sponsors of Terrorism.Asia and the Pacific. November 2001. (Online). Available http//www.heritage.org/Research/AsiaandthePacific/BG1503.cfmRaman, B. Pakistan and the North Korea Connection. Asia Times, October 2002. (Online).Available http//www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/DJ22Df01.html.Terrorism Files. State-Sponsored Terrorism North Korea. 2002. (O nline). Available http//www.terrorismfiles.org/countries/north_korea.htmlTriplett, William C. North Korea and Nuclear Terror. The Washington Times. 2004.(Online). Availablehttp//www.washingtontimes.com/commentary/20040406-101023-7315r.htmWikipedia Online Encyclopedia. Rangoon Bombing. (Online). Available http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangoon_bombingUnclassified Congress Report. 2001. (Online). Available https//www.cia.gov/cia/reports/721_reports/jan_jun2001.htm5Wagner, Alexander. US-North Korea Terrorism Talks Resume North Korea Admits toExporting move up Technology. Arms Control Association, September 2000.(Online). Available http//www.armscontrol.org/act/2000_09/nkoreasept00.asp